Can insecticide-treated netting provide protection for Equids from Culicoides biting midges in the United Kingdom?

摘要: Biting midges of the genus Culicoides Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) cause a significant biting nuisance to equines and are responsible for biological transmission African horse sickness virus (AHSV). While currently restricted in distribution sub-Saharan Africa, AHSV has history emergence into southern Europe causes one most lethal diseases horses other species Equidae. In event an outbreak AHSV, use insecticide treated nets (ITNs) screen equine accomodation is recommended by competent authorities including Office International des Epizooties (OIE) order reduce vector-host contact. Seven commercially avaliable pyrethroid insecticides three repellent compounds, all which licensed amateur use, were assessed modified World Health Organization (WHO) cone bioassay trials laboratory using colony line nubeculosus (Meigen), 1830. Two field subsequently conducted test efficiency net screens preventing entry Culicoides. A formulation cypermethrin (0.15 % w/w) pyrethrins (0.2 % (Tri-Tec 14®, LS Sales (Farnham) Ltd, Bloxham, UK) applied black polyvinyl-coated polyester insect (1.6 mm aperture; 1.6 mm thickness) inflicted 100 % mortality on batches C. following minute exposure WHO bioassays at 1, 7 14 days post-treatment. Tri-Tec 14® outperformed treatments tested was selected trials. The first trial demonstrated that placed around ultraviolet light-suction trap entirely prevented being collected, despite their collection identical traps with untreated screening or no screening. second examined stables containing found while reduced substantially, there still small risk biting. Screened can be utilised as part integrated control program contact may also applicable protection from during transport.