Manipulating the immune system: humoral versus cell-mediated immunity

摘要: Many of the vaccines in use today were designed on an empirical basis with little understanding mechanism protective immunity or knowledge antigens. Certain these vaccines, based killed attenuated bacteria viruses, are associated unacceptable side-effects. New generation recombinant proteins naked DNA have considerably improved safety profiles, but often poorly immunogenic, especially when administered by mucosal routes. This is a particular problem oral delivery; where high doses antigen required to generate even modest immune responses. In contrast, nasal delivery antigens range adjuvants systems has been shown relatively potent responses and protect against infection animal models. Advances immunology demonstrated that variety cellular humoral effector mechanisms, regulated distinct Th1 Th2 subtypes T cells, mediate protection different infectious diseases. The identification immunomodulators, can promote selective induction populations now made it possible rationally design safe effective diseases man.