Cell-mediated immunity and head and neck cancer: with special emphasis on betel quid chewing habit.

摘要: Betel quid (BQ) chewing is popular in Taiwan, India, and many southeast-Asian countries. BQ has strong association with the risk of oral leukoplakia (OL), submucous fibrosis (OSF), cancer (OC). components exhibit genotoxicity may alter structure DNA, proteins lipids, resulting production antigenicity. ingredients are also shown to induce keratinocyte inflammation by stimulating prostaglandins, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) keratinocytes. These events provoke tissue inflammation, early cell-mediated immunity (CMI), immune surveillance chewers. However, directly affect functional activities immunocompotent cells, moreover tumor cells hypo-respond CMI via diverse mechanisms such as induction apoptosis lymphocytes, suppressor T downregulation MHC molecules etc. Clinically, an alteration lymphocyte subsets, a decrease total number reduction have been observed isolated peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC) infiltrated lymphocytes (TIL) patients OSF, OL or OC. Adaptation system promote clonal selection resistant leading tolerance. Future studies on effects humoral vitro vivo can be helpful for chemoprevention BQ-related mucosal diseases. To elucidate how virus infection, tobacco, alcohol consumption, other environmental exposure status premalignant lesions OC will help us understand immunopathogenesis develop immunotherapeutic strategies