Hemodynamic assessment in heart failure: role of physical examination and noninvasive methods.

摘要: Among the cardiovascular diseases, heart failure (HF) has a high rate of hospitalization, morbidity and mortality, consuming vast resources public health system in Brazil other countries. The correct determination filling pressures left ventricle by noninvasive or invasive assessment is critical to proper treatment patients with decompensated chronic HF, considering that congestion main determinant symptoms hospitalization. Physical examination shown be inadequate predict hemodynamic pattern. Several studies have suggested agreement on physical findings different physicians small that, ultimately, adaptive physiological alterations HF mask important aspects examination. As clinical fails because use Swan-Ganz catheter not routinely recommended for this purpose methods, such as BNP, echocardiography cardiographic bioimpedance, are being increasingly used. present study intends carry out, clinician, review role each these tools when defining status failure, aiming at more rational individualized treatment.