Long-Term Observations of Boreal Toads at an ARMI Apex Site

摘要: The U.S. Geological Survey’s Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) is a national project with goals to monitor the status trends of amphibians, conduct research on causes declines, provide information support management agencies for conservation amphibian populations. ARMI activities are organized around extensive inventories place-based monitoring (such as collaboration Greater Yellowstone Inventory Network), intensive population studies at selected locations (apex sites). One such site an oxbow pond Buffalo Fork near Black Rock Ranger Station east Grand Teton National Park. We have been conducting mark-recapture boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas) since 2002. In concert other toad populations in Rocky Mountains, we documented high rate incidence chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) negative growth population, but not crash or extinction observed prevalence Bd. Long-term observations apex sites proven invaluable studying effects climate change behavior, has upgraded onsite recording weather data auditory species. Continued will be critical understanding interrelated disease amphibians Ecosystem.