Molecular physiology and genomics of developing barley grains.

摘要: Barley belongs to the most important food and feed plants worldwide. As a diploid cereal Hordeum vulgare has been studied extensively represents model plant. This review is focused on specific aspects of molecular physiology developing seeds new insights into seed biology recently gained by genomics approaches. A more general description morphology histology caryopses followed an outline growth storage. Recent EST array-based analyses revealed metabolic pathways regulatory networks governing development. The data suggest role photosynthesis in initiation storage processes grains. New experimental approaches at high spatial resolution demonstrate that predominantly produces oxygen. oxygen mostly used for TP production overcome energy limitation imposed intensive product biosynthesis seed. Sugars, but also nitrogen, play development both as metabolites signal molecules. We describe genes/enzymes transporters involved carbohydrate metabolism their developmental switch from cell division/pre-storage maturation/storage phase. nitrogen (amino acid peptide) only intensively. In final chapter sugars molecules discussed, common features monocot barley dicot legume are described. available underline follows rules spite drastic morphological differences.