Non-Allopatric Speciation in Animals

摘要: Futuyma, D. J., and G. C. Mayer (Department of Ecology Evolution, State University New York, Stony Brook, York 11794 Museum Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138) 1980. Non-allopatric speciation in animals. Syst. Zool., 29:254-271.-Major recent challenges to the view that animal is usually allopatric are reviewed, found unconvincing, either because their theoretical implausibility or insufficient evidence. Special attention given theory stasipatric speciation, purported cases, especially tephritid fruit flies, sympatric associated with a shift new host. Stasipatric unlikely under population genetic theory; moreover, chromosome rearrangements probably seldom facilitate speciation. In genus Rhagoletis, archetypal case there little no evidence divergence The conditions which host-associated might occur so exacting as be met by very few species. [Rhagoletis; Didymuria; Vandiemenella; Mus; Sceloporus; speciation; parapatric races; isolating mechanisms; host selection.] "It nature science once position becomes orthodox it should subjected criticism .... It does not follow that, orthodox, wrong -Maynard Smith, 1976 Until recently, has been widely accepted animals proceeds differentiation geographically isolated populations (e.g., Dobzhansky, 1970; Lewontin, 1974; Rosenzweig, 1975; Dobzhansky et al., 1977). reasons for this belief were developed extenso Mayr (1942, 1963, 1970), who argued other modes insignificant. Since have several important Maynard 1966; Bush, 1975a; White, 1978a). Because White's (1978a) book, devoted largely demonstrating prevalence non-allopatric seems likely an impact on climate opinion topic, useful at time review extent amassed since 1963 warrant major change our views spe-