Dynamical analysis reveals individuality of locomotion in goldfish.

摘要: Goldfish swimming was analysed quantitatively to determine if it exhibits distinctive individual spatio-temporal patterns. Due the inherent variability in fish locomotion, this hypothesis tested using five nonlinear measures, complemented by mean velocity. A library constructed of 75 trajectories, each 5 min duration, acquired from a constant and relatively homogeneous environment. Three 'characteristic fractal dimension' 'Richardson dimension', both quantifying degree which trajectory departs straight line, 'relative dispersion', characterizing variance as function have coefficients variation less than 7%, contrast velocity (30%). discriminant analysis, or classification system, based on all six measures revealed that trajectories are indeed highly individualistic, with probability any two generated different equivalent being 1%. That is, combination these allows given be assigned its source high confidence. The Richardson dimension 'Hurst exponent', quantifies persistence, were most effective measures.