The Clinical Evaluation of Patients with Mental Retardation/Intellectual Disability

摘要: Mental retardation (MR), also known as intellectual disability, is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in infants, children and adolescents. Its prevalence general population usually reported 1–3% range. Understanding its cause gives important benefits to patient, his/her family, practitioner. There a diagnostic triad made up functioning significantly below mean, concurrent deficiencies at least 2 areas adaptive functioning, onset before 18 years. This paves way for MR be scaled different degrees allows distinction between performance, maladaptive behaviour. The suggested clinical approach comprises 6 main steps: 1) Family history, 2) personal 3) physical examination, 4) diagnosis, 5) imaging laboratory diagnostics, 6) synthesis follow-up. New technologies, such array comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH), are currently making huge impact, shifting many instances from phenotype-first genotype-first approach. emphasizes need close collaboration clinicians professionals. aim evaluation provide best care which relies on habilitation counselling family.