Weathering: The Initial Transition to Surface Materials and the Beginning of Surface Geochemistry

摘要: The primary configuration of the materials at surface earth is one contact solids with water and air. In air finds oxygen carbon dioxide, which are dissolved in small quantities present. incorporation these gases their interaction molecules develops aqueous solutions that have active present a slightly acidic solution due to dioxide produces state. cause activity hydrogen ions, H+. Water medium solid–solid transformations take place, either by dissolution re-crystallization or exchange ions. transformation process needs be accomplished reasonable rate. greater amount reaction rate, because remain further from equilibrium movement ions electrons accelerated lack equilibrium. result alteration re-equilibration chemical conditions general segregate mineral elements into hydrous silicates, called clay minerals, form transition metal (Fe Mn) oxy-hydroxides, release significant as hydrated species altering solutions.