Molecular Typing Techniques: State of the Art

摘要: The treatment of infectious disease centers around the goals both curing patient and preventing or at least restricting spread disease. In a perfect world, health care professionals would know that these have been achieved when patient’s is restored there are no new occurrences infected patients. However, real world far from perfect. individual may present with evidence recurring additional infection by pathogen (e.g., different body site). Different members population yield cultures same organism. instances, question commonly asked whether multiple isolates given represent strain. patient, this relates to issues therapeutic efficacy while in concern control. settings, resolution questions aided specific epidemiological assessment. past, variety methods based on phenotypic characteristics used for purpose including biotype, serotype, susceptibility antimicrobial agents, bacteriophages, etc. [1–4]. 1970, techniques developed recombinant DNA laboratory began find application molecular characterization clinical isolates. These included comparing protein weight distributions polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, relative mobility enzymes starch-gel electrophoresis (multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis), antibody reactions immobilized cellular proteins (immunoblotting), plasmid content (i.e., fingerprinting) [2, 5, 6]. 1980 it was clear comparisons genomic level provide most fundamental measure relatedness. Thus, typing born. While wide range etiological agents concern, review focuses approaches analysis bacterial pathogens.