Tissue Engineering Strategies to Improve Osteogenesis in the Juvenile Swine Alveolar Cleft Model

摘要: Alveolar (gumline) clefts are the most common congenital bone defect in humans, affecting 1 700 live births. Treatment to repair these bony defects relies on autologous, cancellous transfer from iliac crest. This harvest requires a second surgical site with increased time associated potential complications, while providing only limited bone. Improvements treatment protocols that avoid limitations would be beneficial patients and other craniofacial defects. There have been steady advances tissue-engineered (TE) solutions for long-bone adult patients, but pediatric skeleton slower emerge. study utilizes previously established juvenile swine model surgically created, critical size alveolar test efficacy of umbilical cord (UC) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treatments nano-microfiber scaffolds. At month after implanting our TE construct, mineralized tissue gap was quantified through computed tomography (CT), histology, excised subjected mechanical testing. Both undifferentiated predifferentiated (toward an osteogenic lineage) UC MSCs generated within cleft scale comparable crest bone, as evidenced by histology CT scans. All pigs treated scaffold/stem cell combinations had defect, although without filling entire defect. Several experimental animals exhibited poor and/or asymmetric maxillary growth initial surgery, especially if located smaller side already pig. Our results demonstrate engineering approaches using promising alternative cleft. Data pig implanted scaffolds at least good current gold standard based harvesting crest, regardless whether seeded scaffold precommitted fate.