Electrochemical treatment of 2, 4–dichlorophenol using a nanostructured 3D–porous Ti/Sb–SnO2–Gr anode: Reaction kinetics, mechanism, and continuous operation

摘要: 2, 4-dichlorophenol (2, 4-DCP) is considered to be a highly toxic, mutagenic, and possibly carcinogenic pollutant. This study focused on the electrochemical oxidation of 4-DCP nanostructured 3D-porous Ti/Sb-SnO2-Gr anodes, with aim presenting comprehensive elucidation mineralization process through investigation influential kinetics, reactivity hydroxyl radical's analysis intermediates. High efficiency was achieved at pH 3 using Na2SO4 electrolytes current density 30 mA cm-2. Under optimized conditions, maximum removal up 99.9% reached, whereas TOC 81% recorded lowest ECTOC (0.49 kW h g-1) within 40 min electrolysis. To explore stability 3D-Ti/Sb-SnO2-Gr electrodes, continuous operation established, consistent results indicated effectiveness system concerning its durability practical utilization. EPR studies demonstrated abundant generation OH radicals 3D-Ti/Sb-SnO2-Gr, resulting in fast recalcitrant pollutant incineration. From dechlorination radicals, several intermediates including six cyclic byproducts three aliphatic carboxylic acids were detected, two possible degradation pathways proposed that justify complete 4-DCP.