Benefits of meeting the Baltic Sea nutrient reduction targets - Combining ecological modelling and contingent valuation in the nine littoral states
作者： Kim Dahlbo , Tea Nommann , Aljona Karloseva , Daiva Semeniene , Vivi Fleming-Lehtinen
DOI:
关键词: Ecosystem services 、 Legislation 、 Environmental planning 、 Littoral zone 、 Good Environmental Status 、 Contingent valuation 、 Willingness to pay 、 Action plan 、 European union 、 Environmental science
摘要: One of the most serious threats to Baltic Sea and its ecosystem services is human-induced eutrophication. European Union legislation, in form Marine Strategy Water Framework Directives, requires information on benefits improving condition sea a good environmental status. Our study uses unique dataset collected from all nine littoral countries Sea, combination with state-of-the-art marine modelling area, estimate reducing eutrophication Sea. We find average willingness pay (WTP) for decreased differ substantially by country, but also that there general acceptance more improve status whole area. aggregate WTP an improvement level following HELCOM Action Plan (BSAP) be 4000 million Euros annually. results provide, however, strong message decision makers about need ensuring fulfilment policy targets BSAP. Failure fulfil would imply foregoing substantial societal benefits.
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