Tracking high-risk β-lactamase gene (bla gene) transfers in two Chinese intensive dairy farms.

摘要: Extended-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics are critically important for humans, but their use in food-animals poses a potential threat public health. This paper addressed the occurrence of high-risk β-lactamase genes (bla genes) intensive dairy farms, and assessed effects different waste treatment technologies at dairies on propagation dissemination bla genes. Results showed that ESBL (blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1), ampC (blaampC) carbapenemase (blaGES-1, blaNDM) were prevalent cow waste, even prevailed through each processing stage solid manure wastewater. Significant levels present final lagoon (from 104 to 106 copies/mL, representing from 10% 151%, raw influent levels), raising possibility receiving environment. concern was validated by investigation farmland had long-term undergone wastewater irrigation, where causing an increase gene soils (approximately 1-3 orders magnitude). More troublesomely, considerable certain still observed bedding material (up 105 107 copies/g), which would directly threaten Otherwise, correlation analysis both bacterial community environmental factors played roles abundances farms. study demonstrated prevalence also underscored non-ignored great source multidrug resistance surroundings.