Patch residence time and vigilance in birds foraging at feeders. Implications of bill shape
作者： E. Moreno , L.M. Carrascal
DOI: 10.1080/08927014.1991.9525363
关键词: Foraging 、 Predation 、 Biology 、 Vigilance (behavioural ecology) 、 Feeding behavior 、 Ecology 、 Continuous scanning 、 Beak 、 Waiting time 、 Dominance (ecology) 、 Animal Science and Zoology 、 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
摘要: During winter small passerines foraging solitarily at feeders showed two different types of vigilance: the vigilance before initiating feeding that is time needed to assess potential risks patch (waiting time), and related continuous scanning surroundings while (vigilance rate). The waiting differed significantly among species, but rate did not. Patch residence also being directly time, because longer forager, higher possibility for ambush predators or competitors reach it. was inversely bill length. This probably results from quantity food per reached by bill-sized species. Neither nor when solitary were social dominance, hoarding behaviour, species-specific traits associated with habit hanging upside down.
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