Fuel for the Future: Unlocking New Fuel Resources
作者： Richard Johnson , Corinne Whitby
DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-9252-6_28
关键词: Naphthenic acid 、 Downstream (petroleum industry) 、 Oil sands 、 Environmental science 、 Heating oil 、 Fuel oil 、 Waste management 、 Tailings 、 Asphalt 、 Light crude oil
摘要: With worldwide production of light crude oil reserves expected to last ~50 years, a global energy crisis may ensue. In fact, recent report by the UK Energy Research Centre stated that ‘conventional peak before 2030 with significant risk 2020’ (October, 2009). Therefore, there is an increasing need look towards use alternative fuel resources like heavy/ super heavy oils and sands. Canada Venezuela are vast sands (containing 2,100 billion barrels) already being exploited (Clemente Fedorak, 2005). During sand refining, bitumen extracted, which results in large amounts contaminated waters (known as tailings pond water, TPW) generated.
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