Antibiotic prophylaxis and recurrent urinary tract infection in children.

摘要: Background Antibiotics are widely administered to children with the intention of preventing urinary tract infection, but adequately powered, placebo-controlled trials regarding efficacy lacking. This study from four Australian centers examined whether low-dose, continuous oral antibiotic therapy prevents infection in predisposed children. Methods We randomly assigned under age 18 years who had one or more microbiologically proven infections receive either daily trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole suspension (as 2 mg trimethoprim plus 10 sulfamethoxazole per kilogram body weight) placebo for 12 months. The primary outcome was confirmed symptomatic infection. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed use time-to-event data. Results From December 1998 March 2007, a total 576 (of 780 planned) underwent randomization. median at entry 14 months; 64% patients girls, ...