Female sex and gender in lung/sleep health and disease: Increased understanding of basic biological, pathophysiological, and behavioral mechanisms leading to better health for female patients with lung disease

摘要: Female sex/gender is an undercharacterized variable in studies related to lung development and disease. Notwithstanding, many aspects of sleep biology pathobiology are impacted by female sex reproductive transitions. These may manifest as differential gene expression or peculiar organ development. Some conditions more prevalent women, such asthma insomnia, or, the case lymphangioleiomyomatosis, seen almost exclusively women. In other diseases, presentation differs, higher frequency exacerbations experienced women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease greater cardiac morbidity among sleep-disordered breathing. Recent advances -omics behavioral science provide opportunity specifically address sex-based differences explore research needs opportunities that will elucidate biochemical pathways, thus enabling targeted/personalized therapies. To status for this area, NHLBI, partnership NIH Office Research on Women's Health Rare Diseases Research, convened a workshop investigators Bethesda, Maryland September 18 19, 2017. At workshop, participants reviewed current understanding biological, behavioral, clinical implications gender health disease, formulated recommendations gaps, view achieving better outcomes through precise management patients nonneoplastic This report summarizes those discussions.