作者: Byunghyun Kim , Brett F. Sanders , James S. Famiglietti , Vincent Guinot
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2015.01.059
关键词: Flow (psychology) 、 Anisotropy 、 Geotechnical engineering 、 Porosity 、 Scale (ratio) 、 Shallow water equations 、 Geology 、 Orders of magnitude (time) 、 Mechanics 、 Isotropy 、 Errors-in-variables models
摘要: Porous shallow-water models (porosity models) simulate urban flood flows orders of magnitude faster than classical due to a relatively coarse grid and large time step, enabling hazard mapping over far greater spatial extents is possible with models. Here the errors both isotropic anisotropic porosity are examined in presence porosity, i.e., unevenly spaced obstacles cross-flow along-flow directions, which common practical applications. We show that affected by three types errors: (a) structural model error associated limitations equations, (b) scale use grid, (c) formulation equations account for sub-grid obstructions. Results from unique laboratory test case strong anisotropy indicate smaller errors, depth velocity substantially versus Test results also equally accurate as when compared directly gage measurements, while less accurate. Further, resolves flow variability at scales because latter restricted assumption Representative Elemental Volume (REV) considerably larger size These point being well-suited whole-city prediction, but reveal point-scale attributes relevant risk such localized wakes wave reflections obstructions may not be resolved.