Hazard and risk-based approaches to comparing toxic emissions

摘要: Comparison of the environmental impacts chemicals, production processes, products, or companies requires methods to interpret emissions data contained in DFE evaluations, life cycle inventories, and toxics release inventories. Impact evaluation for toxic substances range from simple toxicity scoring sophisticated risk-based models. This paper explains two such methods. The impact matrix approach is based on a categorical hazard identification. As qualitative assessment, it fairly conduct. It has been used by Source Reduction Research Partnership evaluate alternatives chlorinated solvents. Human Toxicity Potential (HTP) multi-pathway exposure model uses extensive data. Dutch government recommended its use analysis, along with other equivalency scores, e.g. global warming, ozone depletion, smog generation. steps necessary calculate an HTP score using CalTOX are presented needs as well underlying assumptions discussed. Differences between mechanism illuminated through example.