24 Cholecystokinin Peptides in Brain Function

摘要: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide originally discovered in the gastrointestinal tract but also found high density mammalian brain. The C‐terminal sulfated octapeptide fragment of CCK8 constitutes one major neuropeptides CCK8, interacting with nanomolar affinities two different receptors designated CCK1 and CCK2, has been shown to be involved numerous physiological functions modulation control multiple central functions. In particular, CCK neurobiology anxiety, depression, psychosis, cognition, nociception, feeding behavior. functional role facilitated thanks development potent selective receptor antagonists agonists. this chapter, strategies followed design these probes, their use study anatomy pathways, neurochemical pharmacological properties peptide, clinical perspectives offered by manipulation system are reported. List Abbreviations: ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; APA, aminopeptidase A; CCK, cholecystokinin; CCKLM, CCK‐like material; CNS, nervous system; GABA, gamma‐aminobutyric acid; GPCR, G‐protein‐coupled receptor; IP3, inositol 1,4,5‐triphosphate; JNK, c‐Jun‐NH2‐terminal kinases; LETO, Long–Evans Tokushima Otsuka; MAPK, mitogen‐activated protein kinase; NTS, nucleus tractus solitarius; OLETF, Otsuka fatty; PC, prohormone convertase; PKA, kinase PKC, C; PLA2, phospholipase A2; PLC, PTX, pertussis toxin; TM, transmembrane‐spanning domains; VTA, ventral tegmental area