Optimized synthesis and photovoltaic performance of TiO2 nanoparticles for dye-sensitized solar cell

摘要: Abstract This paper presents response surface methodology (RSM) as an efficient approach for modeling and optimizing TiO 2 nanoparticles preparation via co-precipitation dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) performance. Titanium (IV) bis-(acetylacetonate) di-isopropoxide (DIPBAT), isopropanol water were used precursor, solvent co-solvent, respectively. Molar ratio of water, aging temperature calcination factors with main interaction effects on particle characteristics performances investigated. Particle in terms primary secondary sizes, crystal orientation morphology determined by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Band gap energy power conversion efficiency DSSCs performance studies. According to analysis variance (ANOVA) (RSM), all three independent parameters statistically significant the final model was accurate. The predicted maximum (0.14%) under optimal condition molar DIPBAT-to-isopropanol-to-water 1:10:500, 36 °C 400 °C. A second set data adopted validate at conditions found be 0.14 ± 0.015%, which very close value. study proves reliability identifying