Integrating climate-related stressor effects on marine organisms: unifying principles linking molecule to ecosystem-level changes

摘要: Climate change effects on marine ecosystems involve various stressors, pre domi nantly temperature, hypoxia and CO2, all of which may combine with further anthropogenic stressors such as pollutants. All life forms respond to these drivers, following potentially common principles, are insufficiently understood. Specific understanding be most advanced in animals where the concept ‘oxygen capacity dependent thermal tolerance’ (OCLTT) is an integrator effects, linking molecular ecosystem levels biological organisation. Recent studies confirm OCLTT involvement field, causing changes species abundance, biogeographical ranges, phenology predominance. At wholeanimal level, performance set by aerobic scope energy budget, building baseline turnover, links fitness (within a window) functioning at level. In variable environments like intertidal zone, also exploit their for passive tolerance. While presently temperature signal appears predominant well other acting synergistically narrowing window. findings support physiological basis apparently disjunct ocean warming, acidification so-called climate syndrome. brief, warming-induced CO2 accumulation body fluids mediated weak acid distribution CO2. Temperature-induced hypoxemia sensitivity Future work will need develop proxies temperature-dependent climate-related identify principles operative organisms than underlying mechanisms. Mechanism-based modelling efforts then needed reliable organism projections future change.