Variation of phytosterols and steryl ferulates in wheat grains and fractions

摘要: Phytosterols are plant-derived bioactive compounds known for their serum cholesterol-lowering ability and other health benefits. may occur as free sterols or various conjugates, e.g. ferulic acid esters. Cereals an important source of natural phytosterols sterol conjugates. However, the variation in occurrence distribution these cereal grains has not been adequately studied. As a part EU FP6 project HEALTHGRAIN, effects genotype, environment dry fractionation on phytosterol steryl ferulate contents wheat kernels were Wheat genotypes grown at one location Hungary over three consecutive years (2005 to 2007) additional locations Europe (Poland, France United Kingdom) 2007. In 2005, 175 lines included diversity screen trial, selected further studied environmental variation, focusing bread wheat. Variation within was by analysing bran fractions produced novel conventional processes. All analysed using GC-FID ones ferulates HPLC-UV. The compositions significantly affected genetic factors growing location, whereas no considerable yearto-year observed. highest observed ancient einkorn durum lowest lines. Bread contained 670–959 μg/g DM phytosterols, which 7–9% occurred conjugates (79–123 DM), when single during year. Within environments, levels cultivated Hungary, those UK France. Sitosterol main species widest stanol contents. Stanol fraction. Small with high content higher than large ones. varied substantially, total ranging 6and 120-fold, respectively. concentrated bran. layers, accumulated intracellular aleurone layer intermediate layers. Knowledge enables selection varieties stable phytochemical content. Exploitation such foods would increase intake enhance public well-being way.