Volcanic eruption clouds and the thermal power output of explosive eruptions

摘要: Abstract The maximum height attained by a volcanic eruption cloud is principally determined the convective buoyancy of mixture gas + entrained air fine-sized pyroclasts within cloud. thermal energy supplied to convection processes an derived from cooling pyroclastic material and gases discharged explosive eruption. Observational data six recent eruptions indicates that clouds positively correlated with rate at which produced (correlation coefficient r = 0.97). ascent industrial hot plumes also governed process. Empirical scaling relationships between plume flux have been developed for plumes. Applying these suggests released into atmosphere increases in approximately linear manner as eruption's production increases.