摘要: Hot subdwarf stars (sdBs, sdOs) are core helium-burning at the blue end of horizontal branch or have evolved even beyond that stage. They found in all Galactic stellar populations and sufficiently common to account for UV-upturn early-type galaxies. About half sdBs reside close binaries; companions white dwarfs low-mass main-sequence stars. Binary population-synthesis models explain naturally actual sdB binary fractions field globular cluster as well He-sdOs if white-dwarf mergers considered. helium flashes chemical composition He-sdOs. Asteroseismology a dozen pulsating allowed determination their masses detection planet V391 Peg. The discoveries an sdO star unbound Galaxy, potential SN Ia progenitors probably hidden population neutron black hole great impact on astrophysics large.
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