52 – Thyroid Diseases

摘要: Disorders of the thyroid gland are common, particularly in women. The clinical spectrum is broad and these diseases have relevance to a wide variety fields, not only medicine but also aspects nutrition radiation exposure. Thyroid carcinomas relatively rare neoplasms that account for 0.6–1.6% all malignancies. annual incidence papillary, follicular, differentiated cancer 1–10 per 100,000 people. They about three times more common women than men. In addition striking gender differences frequency autoimmune cancer, several other physiology disease distinct Pregnancy characterized by intricate physiological changes iodine balance, activity, hormone transport, peripheral metabolism. has modulating influences on disorders can be complicated form hyperthyroidism, gestational which caused secretion placental human chorionic gonadotropin. It well recognized cardiovascular osteoporosis characteristics women, excess or deficiency may further modulate health problems. Hence, continue present challenges researchers clinicians, many relevant