Plasma retinoid profile in bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, in relation to agricultural intensity of sub-watersheds in the Yamaska River drainage basin, Québec, Canada.

摘要: Amphibian populations are decreasing globally and the causes presently unclear. Retinoids have been extensively studied in other vertebrate classes where they associated with pleiotropic effects such as susceptibility to disease (including cancer parasitic infections), deformities reproduction. To investigate hypothesis that retinoid homeostasis is influenced by agricultural activities, blood samples were collected from adult bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, at each of six sub-watersheds chosen represent a gradient intensity within Yamaska River drainage basin. Samples surface water study sites approximately 1 month after spraying analyzed for 53 pesticides. Male body weight was significantly different (p<0.001) between smallest bullfrogs captured Riviere la Barbue sub-watershed high intensity. A significant linear regression (p<0.001; R2=0.176) obtained plasma retinol weight. Plasma concentrations being lowest both Noire Barbue. More than 60% land area these under intensive corn–soya cultivation contained highest herbicides atrazine, deethylatrazine, simazine, metolachlor, dimethenamide, chlopyralide, dicamba bentazone. 13-cis-4-oxo-retinoic acid sub-watersheds, however this effect apparently unrelated intensity.Plasma negatively correlated (p=0.026; r=−0.237) acid. These results suggest may be practices.