An overview of the evolution of enterovirus 71 and its clinical and public health significance

摘要: Since its discovery in 1969, enterovirus 71 (EV71) has been recognised as a frequent cause of epidemics hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) associated with severe neurological sequelae small proportion cases. There significant increase EV71 epidemic activity throughout the Asia–Pacific region since 1997. Recent HFMD this have form brainstem encephalitis pulmonary oedema and high case-fatality rates. The emergence large-scale circulation three genetic lineages that appear to be undergoing rapid evolutionary change. Two these (B3 B4) not described previously arisen from an endemic focus equatorial Asia, which served source virus for Malaysia, Singapore Australia. third lineage (C2) identified [Brown, B.A. et al. (1999) J. Virol. 73, 9969–9975] was primarily responsible large Taiwan during 1998. As appears susceptible newly developed antiviral agents vaccine is currently available, control through high-level surveillance public health intervention needs maintained extended region. Future research should on (1) understanding molecular genetics virulence, (2) identification receptor(s) EV71, (3) development ameliorate severity (4) epidemics. Following successful experience poliomyelitis programme, it may possible if effective live-attenuated developed.