The new International Energy Charter: Instrumental or incremental progress in governance?

摘要: Abstract The International Energy Charter, signed by 64 states in May 2015, is analysed here against the structure of existing formal institutions international energy governance as outlined literature. In terms actors, Charter has a Europe/Eurasia centred nucleus signatory accompanied United States, China and some further ‘regional ambassador countries’ Africa, Asia Latin America. However, references to non-state actors are scant. dimensions policy, relatively comprehensive, pertaining all main sources energy, addressing modernisation infrastructure technology; stressing non-discriminatory ownership taxation resources, likewise facilitation trade investment; while remaining non-binding political framework retaining sovereignty over resources; omitting climate change issues from its market-based measures environmental protection. remains instrumental protect market interests large consumers represents at best incremental progress vis-a-vis linking producers, transit consumer states. it offers few building blocks for more precise roadmap or eventual Treaty.