摘要: Dramatic changes in health care delivery have created an increased reliance on ambulatory care. Adults and children increasingly are receiving infusions of intravascular medication or fluid the home for a wide array conditions. Several therapies been adapted to home, including chemotherapy, BRMs, TPN, blood components, anti-infectives, analgesics, inotropic agents, investigational drugs. High-technology therapy mandates safe reliable vascular access maximize positive outcomes, independence, self-care; minimize costs disruption daily activities work schedules; enhance client family adjustments satisfaction. Currently, four main VADs central venous catheters (CVCs), peripherally inserted (PICCs, implantable infusion ports, external pumps.