Ethnic, Racial, and Nationalist Movements

摘要: Ethnic, racial, and nationalist social movements organize around distinct ethnic identities, but they differ with respect to the scope of their claims, activities, goals. Ethnic can be distinguished empirically from ethnic/racial by presence demands claiming legitimate rights sovereignty and/or authority administer a specific territory. As result, are likely come into conflict existing state authorities international system. Theories explaining rise, persistence, decline these vary emphasis on cognitive, rational, or instrumentalist motivations for such movements, degree in authorities.