The biology and engineered modeling strategies of cancer-nerve crosstalk.

摘要: A recent finding critical to cancer aggravation is the interaction between cells and nerves. There exist two main modes of cancer-nerve interaction: perineural invasion (PNI) tumor innervation. PNI occurs when infiltrate adjacent nerves, its relative opposite, innervation, axons extend into bodies. Like most studies, these crosstalk interactions have mostly been observed in patient samples animal models at this point, making it difficult understand mechanisms a controlled manner. As such, years vitro studies emerged that helped identify various microenvironmental factors responsible for crosstalk, including but not limited neurotrophic factors, neurotransmitters, chemokines, cancer-derived exosomes, Schwann cells. The versatility systems warrants continuous development increase physiological relevance study example by utilizing biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) culture systems. Despite wealth 3D models, comparatively there exists lack nerve, PNI, Native-like may further help develop therapeutic strategies curb nerve-mediated aggravation. we provide an overview key players current as well nerve models. We also discuss few future directions research.