Characterisation of the Manduca sexta sperm proteome: Genetic novelty underlying sperm composition in Lepidoptera.

摘要: The application of mass spectrometry based proteomics to sperm biology has greatly accelerated progress in understanding the molecular composition and function spermatozoa. To date, these approaches have been largely restricted model organisms, all which produce a single morph capable oocyte fertilisation. Here we apply high-throughput proteomic analysis characterise Manduca sexta, tobacco hornworm moth, heteromorphic sperm, including one fertilisation competent (eupyrene) incompetent (apyrene) type. This resulted high confidence identification 896 proteins from co-mixed sample both types, 167 are encoded by genes with strict one-to-one orthology Drosophila melanogaster. Importantly, over half (55.1%) orthologous previously identified D. melanogaster proteome exhibit significant conservation quantitative protein abundance between two species. Despite complex nature gene expression across spermatogenic stages, correlation was also observed testis expression. Lepidopteran-specific (e.g., no homology non-Lepidopteran taxa) were present significantly greater on average than those outside Lepidoptera. Given disproportionate production apyrene (96% mature Manduca) relative eupyrene evolutionarily novel highly abundant candidates for possessing apyrene-specific functions. Lastly, comparative genomic analyses testis-expressed, ovary-expressed concentration shared amongst Lepidoptera potential relevance evolutionary origin spermatogenesis. As first published Lepidopteran proteome, this whole-cell characterisation will facilitate future genetic developmental studies parasperm function. Furthermore, presented here provide useful annotation information regarding sex-biased expression, male gamete complement newly sequenced annotated genome.