On-line sample pre-treatment systems interfaced to electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry†

摘要: Atomic spectrometric techniques working with a continuous supply of sample, such as flame atomic absorption spectrometry or inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, are well suited for on-line connection through flow injection arrangements. For the determination elements at lower concentrations, electrothermal atomization is often needed owing to requirement better detection limits. However, connecting batch technique system presents some fundamental difficulties, making it real challenge analytical chemist design suitable interfaces. There different ways interfacing systems each other; available versions utilize either sample treatment off-line measurement completely Complex samples cannot be directly processed by this severe matrix interferences, which have not been minimized despite development efficient background correction devices. Successful separation can achieved solvent and sorbent extraction, precipitation coprecipitation, volatile compound generation liquid chromatography. Moreover, transformation and/or its fractions into form that analyzed in graphite furnace requires unpleasant, tedious time-consuming digestion procedures. Microwave heating has emerged means dramatically improving leaching, mineralization processes frequently used in-batch systems. This paper outlines most recent advances injection–graphite interfaces also describes pre-treatment developed so far detection.