A reliable, practical, and economical protocol for inducing diarrhea and severe dehydration in the neonatal calf.

摘要: Fifteen healthy, colostrum-fed, male dairy calves, aged 2 to 7 d were used in a study develop diarrhea protocol for neonatal calves that is reliable, practical, and economical. After instrumentation recording baseline data, dehydration induced by administering milk replacer [16.5 mL/kg of body weight (BW), PO], sucrose (2 g/kg 20% aqueous solution, p.o.), spironolactone hydrochlorothiazide (1 mg/kg, PO) every 8 h, furosemide i.m., q6h). Calves administered diuretic agents 48 h induce severe dehydration. Clinical changes after watery diarrhea, depression, marked (mean, 14% BW loss). Cardiac output, stroke volume, mean central venous pressure, plasma thiocyanate space, blood pH bicarbonate concentration, base excess, serum chloride fetlock temperature decreased. Plasma lactate hematocrit, potassium, creatinine, phosphorus, total protein albumin concentrations increased. This non-infectious calf has 100% response rate, while providing consistent predictable hypovolemic state with reflects most the clinicopathologic observed osmotic/maldigestive caused infection rotavirus, coronavirus or cryptosporidia. Limitations protocol, when compared infectious models, include failure metabolic acidosis, absence hyponatremia, renal instead enteric loss chloride, as well free water, profound clinical depression suspected differences morphologic functional effect on intestinal epithelium. Despite these differences, sucrose/diuretic should be useful initial screening new treatment modalities diarrhea. To confirm their efficacy, effective methods then examined naturally-acquired