Comparative endocrine investigations in three bear species based on urinary steroid metabolites and volatiles.

摘要: In order to improve breeding of in situ populations bears, a comprehensive study reproductive physiology Brown (Ursus arctos), Spectacled (Tremarctos ornatus) and Giant panda bears (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) was performed. The objective perform non-invasive analyses urinary fecal steroid metabolites. addition, we investigated the presence reproduction-related volatile substances these that might trigger behavior. Urinary estrogen concentrations, routinely used monitor follicular activity panda, were inappropriate for monitoring bear. no peak related mating observed Further contrasting although pregnanediol failed indicate luteal either or (Spectacled bear) (Brown concentrations progesterone an appropriate indicator activity. had components (medium-chain fatty acids) their urine increased simultaneously with seasonal increase estrogens. These acids also detected during estrus studies on behavioral relevance are required determine if they pheromones.