On the Evolutionary History, Population Genetics and Diversity among Isolates of Salmonella Enteritidis PFGE Pattern JEGX01.0004

摘要: Facile laboratory tools are needed to augment identification in contamination events trace the back source (traceback) of Salmonella enterica subsp. serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis). Understanding evolution and diversity within among outbreak strains is first step towards this goal. To end, we collected 106 new S. Enteriditis isolates Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern JEGX01.0004 close relatives, determined their genome sequences. Sources for these spanned food, clinical environmental farm sources during 2010 shell egg United States along with closely related serovars, Dublin, Gallinarum biovar Pullorum Gallinarum. Despite highly homogeneous structure population, examined study revealed thousands SNP differences numerous variable genes (n = 366). Twenty-one from lineages leading outbreak-associated samples had nonsynonymous (causing amino acid changes) changes five putatively involved known virulence pathways. While chromosome synteny organization appeared be stable isolates, size were observed due variation presence or absence several phages plasmids, including phage RE-2010, P125109, plasmid pSEEE3072_19 (similar pSENV), pOU1114 two newly mobile elements pSEEE1729_15 pSEEE0956_35. These produced modifications assembled bases draft genomes range approximately 4.6 4.8 mbp, Dublin being larger (∼4.9 mbp) smaller (4.55 when compared Enteritidis. Finally, identified associated pathways that may useful markers development rapid surveillance typing methods, potentially aiding traceback efforts future outbreaks involving PFGE JEGX01.0004.