Regional variations in the incidence of upper urinary tract stones in England and Wales.

摘要: Data from the Hospital In-patient Enquiry were used to define regional patterns of hospital discharge rates for upper urinary tract stones and renal colic in England Wales. By combining colic, by distinguishing emergency planned admissions, biases produced repeated admissions same patient variations diagnosis coding may be reduced. There are incidence stones: Wales southern regions have a generally higher than northern regions. These related differences diet or occupation; they partly depend on associations between stone atmospheric temperature, exposure ultraviolet irradiation, hardness drinking water.