Simple behavioural and physical interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children.

摘要: BACKGROUND Nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) is a socially disruptive and stressful condition which affects around 15-20% of five year olds, up to 2% young adults. Although there high rate spontaneous remission, the social, emotional psychological costs can be great. Simple behavioural methods treating bedwetting include reward systems such as star charts given for dry nights, lifting or waking children at night urinate, retention control training enlarge bladder capacity (bladder training) fluid restriction. OBJECTIVES To assess effects simple interventions on nocturnal in children, compare these with other interventions. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched Cochrane Incontinence Group trials register. The reference list previous version this review was also searched. Date most recent search: December 2001. SELECTION CRITERIA All randomised quasi-randomised age 16. Trials focused solely daytime wetting were excluded. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS In review, 1997 independently assessed by two reviewers. Previous re-assessed, further quality, data extracted another reviewer. MAIN RESULTS Twelve reliable met inclusion criteria, involving 748 whom 365 received intervention. However, within each comparison outcome addressed single only, precluding meta-analysis. small trials, (e.g. charts), associated significantly fewer wet higher cure rates lower relapse compared controls. There not enough evidence evaluate training), whether controls bed training, used supplement alarms, versus desmopressin. Cognitive therapy may have failure than charts, but finding based one trial only. One poor quality suggested that initially less successful amitriptyline difference did persist after treatments stopped. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS effective some are needed, particular known effective, desmopressin, tricyclic drugs alarms. could tried first line before considering alarms drugs, because alternative more demanding adverse effects.