The reproductive strategy and the vibrational duet of the leafhopper Empoasca vitis.

摘要: The recent description of a new vibrational mating disruption method to control the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus Ball opened questions about its possible application other pests. Since prerequisite for method's successful is deep knowledge species behavior and exact role associated signals, we conducted behavioral assays on green Empoasca vitis Gothe, pest grapevine crops in Europe Asia. Laser vibrometer recordings single paired individuals (male female) during 24-h period enabled us detect describe 2 male 1 female signal. pair formation starts when replies call duet established, then it continues through different stages: Location Courtship. proper courtship begins only locates female. latter characterized by significant change temporal parameters that regards both signals structure. Although calling activity replying rate were same 24 h, lower number matings was recorded night. We discuss vision ecology as factors reproductive success strategy. Our conclusion mechanical technique seems feasible future this species.