Do CO 2 emissions, energy consumption and globalization promote economic growth? Empirical evidence from Japan

摘要: In the empirical literature, there is no agreement on linkage between environmental deterioration and economic growth. Thus, this paper aims to explore long-run causal effects of CO2 emissions, globalization energy usage, trade openness urbanization growth in Japan by employing new econometric techniques. The uses a dataset spanning from 1970 2015 employs recent To best investigator’s understanding, prior studies have examined utilizing wavelet coherence technique for Japan. novelty that it can capture causality variables at different frequencies periods. study’s aim address following questions: (i) Is growth, urbanization, globalization? (ii) What interaction regressors various periods? utilizes ARDL, DOLS FMOLS catch effects, whereas employed among indicators. outcomes ARDL show usage trigger while significant found approach reveals positive co-movements one-way emissions