N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid in Animal Models for Human Influenza A Virus.

摘要: The first step in influenza virus infection is the binding of hemagglutinin to sialic acid-containing glycans present on cell surface. Over 50 different acid modifications are known, which N-acetylneuraminic (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolylneuraminic (Neu5Gc) two main species. Animal models with α2,6 linked Neu5Ac upper respiratory tract, similar humans, preferred enable mimic unadapted human A viruses. that currently most often used study mice ferrets. Additionally, guinea pigs, cotton rats, Syrian hamsters, tree shrews, domestic swine, non-human primates (macaques marmosets) discussed. presence NeuGc distribution linkages commonly summarized experimentally determined. We also evaluated role Neu5Gc using viruses cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic hydroxylase (CMAH)-/- knockout mice, lack concluded unlikely be a decoy receptor. This article provides base for choosing an appropriate animal model. Although one favored models, they hardly naturally susceptible viruses, possibly because express mainly α2,3 acids both modifications. suggest ferrets, resemble humans closely content, Neu5Gc, lung organization, susceptibility, disease pathogenesis.