Fruit and vegetable consumption and non-communicable disease: time to update the ‘5 a day’ message?

摘要: Studies reporting ‘new’ associations of food ingredients with diseases are common, and sensational headlines appear almost daily in the news media. Thus, a recent provocative paper, Schoenfeld Ioannidis,1 randomly selected 50 common from cookbook, reported that 40 were apparently associated increased cancer risk peer reviewed studies. Unsurprisingly, most these disappeared subsequent meta-analyses.1 The net result: increases media profits, public anxiety number confused politicians. Indeed, current landscape nutritional epidemiology research is blighted by an oversaturation contradictory evidence which risks confusing policy makers, journalists about what aspects Western diet deserve attention then intervention. Randomised controlled trails meta-analyses offer ‘gold standard’ relatively free biases. However, trials simply not feasible, affordable or ethical for many important dietary questions. We therefore fall back on analyses long-term cohorts, at point considerable cautions need to be sounded. populations under study may highly (eg, US doctors nurses), results directly generalisable …