Clinical Outcome Measures for Multiple Sclerosis
作者： Brian G. Weinshenker
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-1271-6_5
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摘要: The first rating scales designed to quantitate disability due multiple sclerosis (MS) were developed characterize the natural history of disease. McAlpine’s scale (McAlpine and Compston 1952) is an example, but similar have been devised by others. These instruments ordinal oriented mobility had a few large steps. They could reasonably categorize patients over broad range disabilities encountered in MS satisfactory describe evolution decades retrospective or cross-sectional surveys. Alexander (1951) based on weighted scoring formal neurologic examination, including deep tendon reflexes Babinski signs. Mobility was one number factors into composite score. illustrate dichotomy between impairment, emphasizing other elements not directly linked impairment.
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