Frame Reflection: Toward The Resolution Of Intractable Policy Controversies

摘要: Why are controversies about such issues as abortion, welfare, persistent poverty, and environmental destruction so intractable? As anyone who has ever engaged in or tried to settle an argument on highly charged knows, facts rarely persuade situations. This innovative approach intractable policy shows how "reframing" the can succeed where simply appealing often fails. In Frame Reflection, two of his country's leading organizational theorists analysts show disputes that abstract debate negotiation seem insoluble sometimes be resolved pragmatically by those actually have design implement specific programs. The authors illustrate their theory through a detailed examination three programs: evolution early retirement programs Germany; statewide project for homeless Massachusetts; development Project Athena, large-scale experiment use computers undergraduate education at MIT. Policy stalemates inevitable. Yet we know people do change minds, even situations first appeared hopeless. How happens is subject this pathbreaking book.