Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

摘要: Studies of past glacial cycles yield critical information about climate and sea-level (ice-volume) variability, including the sensitivity to radiative change, impacts crustal rebound on reconstructions for interglacials. Here we identify significant differences between last penultimate maxima (LGM PGM) in terms global volume distribution land ice, despite similar temperatures forcing. Our analysis challenges conventional views relationships ice volume, sea level, seawater oxygen isotope values, deep-sea temperature, supports potential presence large floating Arctic shelves during PGM. The existence different ‘modes’ calls focussed research complex processes behind ice-age development. We present a glacioisostatic assessment demonstrate how PGM ice-sheet configuration might affect estimates interglacial. Results suggest that this may alter existing interglacial estimates, which often use an LGM-like configuration, by several metres (likely upward).