Growth factor receptors and apoptosis regulators: signaling pathways, prognosis, chemosensitivity and treatment outcomes of breast cancer.

摘要: Biomarkers of breast cancer are necessary for prognosis and prediction to chemotherapy. Prognostic biomarkers provide information regarding outcome irrespective therapy, while predictive response therapy. Candidate prognostic cancers growth factor receptors, steroid Ki-67, cyclins, urokinase plasminogen activator, p53, p21, pro- anti-apoptotic factors, BRCA1 BRCA2. But currently, the markers Estrogen Progesterone receptors responding endocrine HER-2 herceptin. there numerous cases, where tamoxifen is ineffective even after estrogen receptor positivity. This lead search new number potential constantly increasing due proteomics genomics studies. However, most individually have poor sensitivity or specificity, other clinical value. It can be resolved by studying various simultaneously, which will help in better chemotherapeutic agents. review focusing on apoptosis markers, signaling cascades, their correlation with associated cancers. As our knowledge molecular increases, indices developed that combine power individual specific pathologic factors. Rigorous comparison these existing as well emerging current treatment selection likely see an escalation era personalized medicines ensure patients receive optimal treatment. also solve modalities complications related regimens.