Failures in detecting volcanic ash from a satellite-based technique

摘要: Abstract Immediate and accurate detection of airborne volcanic ash is an operational imperative the aviation industry, especially jet aircraft. Ash encounters place passengers aboard these aircraft at severe risk significantly impact, via forced rerouting, both safety profit margins freight carriers due to their limited fuel supply. Moreover, airlines can suffer high economic costs for repair replacement equipment. Operational tracking by most national weather services has relied heavily on a split window differencing technique thermal longwave infrared channels currently satellites. Unfortunately, prior work not emphasized dynamical interaction between erupting volcano effects overlying atmospheric water vapor, phreatic phreatomagmatic sources. Six eruptions from around globe were chosen study because they have wide variation in ambient available ground surface different magma types. Results show that present uniformly effective properly classifying pixels satellite scene often falsely interprets meteorological clouds as conversely. it always robust early detector, requirement. Seasonal variability global integrated coupled with geographical distribution active volcanoes, suggests concerns discussed herein regard six specific eruptions, applicability industry. implications are strategic proposal presented necessary steps improve detection.